Application Infrastructure
• Flexible, open application infrastructure that is independent of underlying communication technology
• Web, content delivery, caching etc.

Communication Technology
• Telecommunications to remotely collect, transmit and disseminate information
• DSRC, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, RFID, WiMax and 3G

Positioning Technology
• Localization of a vehicle, a person or a moving object
• Satellite positioning systems (GPS), cellular networks of mobile telephony, other sensors or beacons

• $1.6B toll revenue in 2007
• Nearly 5000 miles of toll road nation wide
• Annual delay per peak period (rush hour) traveler, has grown from 21 hours in 1982 to 54 hours in 2005
• Number of urban areas with more than 20 hours of annual delay per peak traveler, which has grown from only 11 in 1982 to 65 in 2005,
• Total amount of delay, over 3.7 billion hours in 2005
• Wasted fuel, totaling over 2.3 billion gallons lost to engines idling in traffic jams
• 6 million crashes and 42,000 fatalities each year, with direct economic costs annually of US$230.6 billion
• Traffic crashes account for 25 percent of all congestion or close to $20 billion per year in congestion related costs.